IEC 61000-4 Series

While the series is vast, the heavy lifting is done by these specific sub-parts:

• IEC 61000-4-2: Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
• IEC 61000-4-3: Radiated Radio-Frequency Immunity
• IEC 61000-4-4: Electrical Fast Transient/Burst (EFT)
• IEC 61000-4-5: Surge Immunity (The "Lightning" Test)
• IEC 61000-4-6: Conducted Immunity

Virtually any device with electronic circuitry falls under this umbrella, but it is critical for:

• Information Technology Equipment (ITE): Servers, routers, and laptops.
• Industrial Machinery: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and motor drives.
• Household Appliances: Smart fridges, washing machines, and HVAC controllers.
• Medical Devices: Life-support monitors and diagnostic imaging tools.

Testing isn't a "pass/fail" binary; it's a performance grade. We evaluate based on:

• Coupling Methods: How the interference is injected (direct contact, air discharge, or clamp).
• Severity Levels: Testing at Level 1 (Low) through Level 4 (Harsh Industrial).
• Performance Criteria: Monitoring if the EUT (Equipment Under Test) continues to operate, glitches temporarily, or suffers hardware failure.

For a test report to hold legal weight, it must be issued by a lab with ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation.

• NABL (India): Essential for domestic regulatory filings like BIS.
• ILAC-MRA: Ensures the report is recognized internationally, preventing the need for re-testing when exporting.

Timing depends on the number of standards being applied:

• Standard Evaluation: Typically 2 to 3 weeks.
• Variable Factors: Lead times for lab slot booking and potential "re-testing" if the product fails the first round of ESD or Surge.

• Main Units: Usually 1 to 2 fully functional units (one for testing, one as a backup/reference).
• Support Gear: All necessary power cables, specialized signal cables, and any proprietary software needed to exercise the device's functions during the test.

Costs are modular based on the "tests-per-standard" model:

• Individual Test Fees: Range from $300 to $800 per sub-standard (e.g., just Surge or just ESD).
• Full Immunity Suite: Budget between $2,500 and $5,000 depending on the complexity of the product and the power requirements (3-phase equipment costs more to test).

To initiate testing, you must provide:

• Technical File: Circuit diagrams, PCB layouts, and a Bill of Materials (BOM).
• User Manual: Explicitly stating the intended environment (Residential vs. Industrial).
• Test Plan: Defining the "Critical Performance Criteria"—what constitutes a failure for your specific device?